Analysis of the Development of Relativity
Research Article
Open Access
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Analysis of the Development of Relativity

Tianyi Jiang 1*
1 Shanghai Pinghe School
*Corresponding author: wildlivfan@gmail.com
Published on 30 July 2025
Volume Cover
TNS Vol.132
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-305-5
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-306-2
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Abstract

The advent of relativity theory, initiated by Albert Einstein in the early 1900s, ushered in the era of modern physics by reshaping fundamental concepts of space, time, and gravity. This framework emerged in response to the shortcomings of Newtonian mechanics, particularly its failure to account for the invariance of the speed of light and anomalies in Mercury’s orbital path. The paper, through a method of literature review, analyzes and summarizes the historical development and core concepts of both special and general relativity. It explores key background events, major breakthroughs, and their lasting influence on modern science. The paper concludes that the two main contributions of relativity are the famous equations: the mass-equivalence equation in special relativity and the Einstein field equations in general relativity, both of which continue to shape physics today.

Keywords:

Relativity, Lorentz Transformation, Mass-energy Equivalence, Spacetime Curvature

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Jiang,T. (2025). Analysis of the Development of Relativity. Theoretical and Natural Science,132,9-15.

References

[1]. Boeglin, W. (2025). Modern Lab Experiments: 16. Michelson Interferometer wanda.fiu.edu/boeglinw/courses/Modern_lab_manual3/michelson.html.

[2]. Pauli, W. (2013). Theory of relativity. Courier Corporation.

[3]. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2010). Special relativity | Definition & Equation. Encyclopedia Britannica. https: //www.britannica.com/science/special-relativity

[4]. Einstein, A., & Einstein, A. (1920). Äther und Relativitäts-theorie (pp. 1-15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[5]. Resnick, R. (1991). Introduction to special relativity. John Wiley & Sons.

[6]. Einstein, A., Perrett, W., and Jeffery, G. (1916) The foundation of the general theory of relativity. Annalen der Physik 354.7: 769.

[7]. Wald, R. M. (2010). General relativity. University of Chicago press.

[8]. Cosmos. (n.d.). Gravitational Redshift. https: //astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/g/Gravitational+Redshift

[9]. Cosmos. (n.d.). Shapiro Delay. https: //astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/s/Shapiro+Delay

References

[1]. Boeglin, W. (2025). Modern Lab Experiments: 16. Michelson Interferometer wanda.fiu.edu/boeglinw/courses/Modern_lab_manual3/michelson.html.

[2]. Pauli, W. (2013). Theory of relativity. Courier Corporation.

[3]. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2010). Special relativity | Definition & Equation. Encyclopedia Britannica. https: //www.britannica.com/science/special-relativity

[4]. Einstein, A., & Einstein, A. (1920). Äther und Relativitäts-theorie (pp. 1-15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[5]. Resnick, R. (1991). Introduction to special relativity. John Wiley & Sons.

[6]. Einstein, A., Perrett, W., and Jeffery, G. (1916) The foundation of the general theory of relativity. Annalen der Physik 354.7: 769.

[7]. Wald, R. M. (2010). General relativity. University of Chicago press.

[8]. Cosmos. (n.d.). Gravitational Redshift. https: //astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/g/Gravitational+Redshift

[9]. Cosmos. (n.d.). Shapiro Delay. https: //astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/s/Shapiro+Delay

Cite this article

Jiang,T. (2025). Analysis of the Development of Relativity. Theoretical and Natural Science,132,9-15.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of CONF-APMM 2025 Symposium: Simulation and Theory of Differential-Integral Equation in Applied Physics

ISBN: 978-1-80590-305-5(Print) / 978-1-80590-306-2(Online)
Editor: Marwan Omar, Shuxia Zhao
Conference website: https://www.confapmm.org/dalian.html
Conference date: 27 September 2025
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.132
ISSN: 2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

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