Advances in Nanoparticles for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Article
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Advances in Nanoparticles for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Yidong Ding 1*
1 School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China, 999078
*Corresponding author: dingyidong28@gmail.com
Published on 20 July 2025
Journal Cover
TNS Vol.131
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-291-1
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-292-8
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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health concern. Existing therapies, including anti-inflammatory drugs and biologics, often suffer from limitations such as insufficient targeting and high cost. In this context, nanoformulations have shown significant potential due to their advantages in drug protection, targeted delivery, and multifunctional synergy. This article reviews the latest progress in the treatment of IBD with nanoparticles. It categorizes nanodelivery systems into two main types: drug delivery systems and plant-related delivery systems. The article also provides examples of each type, detailing their preparation methods, targeted delivery mechanisms, and experimental outcomes. The findings reveal that while studies have confirmed the effectiveness and advantages of nanoformulations for treating IBD, transformation encounters significant challenges. In the future, it is necessary to integrate new technologies to develop more intelligent nano-response systems and accelerate clinical verification, ultimately aiming for precision and universalization of IBD treatment.

Keywords:

inflammatory bowel disease, drug delivery system, nanoparticles, new therapies

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Ding,Y. (2025). Advances in Nanoparticles for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Theoretical and Natural Science,131,1-7.

References

[1]. Buie, M. J., et al. (2023). Global hospitalization trends for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in the 21st century: A systematic review with temporal analyses. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 21(9), 2211-2221.

[2]. Lichtenstein, G. R., et al. (2018). ACG clinical guideline: Management of Crohn's disease in adults. Official Journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG, 113(4).

[3]. Le Berre, C., Honap, S., & Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2023). Ulcerative colitis. The Lancet, 402(10401), 571-584.

[4]. Schreiber, S., et al. (2021). Randomized controlled trial: Subcutaneous vs intravenous infliximab CT-P13 maintenance in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology, 160(7), 2340-2353.

[5]. Kaplan, G. G. (2015). The global burden of IBD: From 2015 to 2025. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 12(12), 720-727.

[6]. Ng, S. C., et al. (2017). Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: A systematic review of population-based studies. The Lancet, 390(10114), 2769-2778.

[7]. Wang, X., et al. (2024). The emerging role of the gut microbiota and its application in inflammatory bowel disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 179, 117302..

[8]. Zhu, M.-Z., et al. (2023). Exploring the efficacy of herbal medicinal products as oral therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 165, 115266.

[9]. Tang, X., et al. (2024). Targeted delivery of Fc-fused PD-L1 for effective management of acute and chronic colitis. Nature Communications, 15(1), 1673.

[10]. Hu, Q., et al. (2024). Polyphenolic nanoparticle-modified probiotics for microenvironment remodeling and targeted therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. ACS Nano, 18(20), 12917-12932.

[11]. Yang, S., et al. (2024). Ginseng-derived nanoparticles alleviate inflammatory bowel disease via the TLR4/MAPK and p62/Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 22(1), 48.

[12]. Ishida, N., et al. (2021). C-reactive protein is superior to fecal biomarkers for evaluating colon-wide active inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12431.

[13]. Trasolini, R., et al. (2022). Fecal leukocyte esterase, an alternative biomarker to fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot series. Gastro Hep Advances, 1(1), 45-51.

[14]. Huang, X., et al. (2023). Clinical significance of the C-reactive protein-to-bilirubin ratio in patients with ulcerative colitis. Frontiers in Medicine, 10.

[15]. Dolinger, M., Torres, J., & Vermeire, S. (2024). Crohn's disease. The Lancet, 403(10432), 1177-1191.

[16]. Annese, V., et al. (2013). European evidence-based consensus for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 7(12), 982-1018.

[17]. Atreya, R., & Neurath, M. F. (2024). Biomarkers for personalizing IBD therapy: The quest continues. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 22(7), 1353-1364.

[18]. Neurath, M. F. (2024). Strategies for targeting cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 24(8), 559-576.

[19]. Gilliland, A., et al. (2024). Pathobionts in inflammatory bowel disease: Origins, underlying mechanisms, and implications for clinical care. Gastroenterology, 166(1), 44-58.

[20]. Lopes, S. A., et al. (2023). Delivery strategies of probiotics from nano- and microparticles: Trends in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease—An overview. Pharmaceutics, 15(11).

[21]. Li, M. C., & He, S. H. (2004). IL-10 and its related cytokines for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 10(5), 620-625.

[22]. Liu, J., et al. (2023). Orally-delivered, cytokine-engineered extracellular vesicles for targeted treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Small, 19(50), 2304023.

[23]. Fischer, S., et al. (2022). From structure to function - Ligand recognition by myeloid C-type lectin receptors. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 20, 5790-5812..

[24]. Saba, K., Denda-Nagai, K., & Irimura, T. (2009). A C-type lectin MGL1/CD301a plays an anti-inflammatory role in murine experimental colitis. American Journal of Pathology, 174(1), 144-152..

[25]. Casals, E., et al. (2020). Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Advances in biodistribution, toxicity, and preclinical exploration. Small, 16(20), 1907322.

[26]. Min, D. K., et al. (2023). Orally administrated inflamed colon-targeted nanotherapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease treatment by oxidative stress level modulation in colitis. ACS Nano, 17(23), 24404-24416.

[27]. Li, M., et al. (2023). Gold nanoparticles-embedded ceria with enhanced antioxidant activities for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Bioactive Materials, 25, 95-106.

[28]. Wang, C., et al. (2023). Therapeutic potential of exosome-based personalized delivery platform in chronic inflammatory diseases. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18(1), 100772.

[29]. Li, D. F., et al. (2023). Plant-derived exosomal nanoparticles: Potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease. Nanoscale Advances, 5(14), 3575-3588.

[30]. Kim, J., et al. (2023). Amelioration of colitis progression by ginseng-derived exosome-like nanoparticles through suppression of inflammatory cytokines. Journal of Ginseng Research, 47(5), 627-637.

[31]. Karthikeyan, A., et al. (2021). Curcumin and its modified formulations on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): The story so far and future outlook. Pharmaceutics, 13(4).

[32]. Laurindo, L. F., et al. (2023). Curcumin-based nanomedicines in the treatment of inflammatory and immunomodulated diseases: An evidence-based comprehensive review. Pharmaceutics, 15(1).

[33]. Lei, F., et al. (2023). Oral hydrogel nanoemulsion co-delivery system treats inflammatory bowel disease via anti-inflammatory and promoting intestinal mucosa repair. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 21(1), 275.

References

[1]. Buie, M. J., et al. (2023). Global hospitalization trends for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in the 21st century: A systematic review with temporal analyses. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 21(9), 2211-2221.

[2]. Lichtenstein, G. R., et al. (2018). ACG clinical guideline: Management of Crohn's disease in adults. Official Journal of the American College of Gastroenterology | ACG, 113(4).

[3]. Le Berre, C., Honap, S., & Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2023). Ulcerative colitis. The Lancet, 402(10401), 571-584.

[4]. Schreiber, S., et al. (2021). Randomized controlled trial: Subcutaneous vs intravenous infliximab CT-P13 maintenance in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology, 160(7), 2340-2353.

[5]. Kaplan, G. G. (2015). The global burden of IBD: From 2015 to 2025. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 12(12), 720-727.

[6]. Ng, S. C., et al. (2017). Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: A systematic review of population-based studies. The Lancet, 390(10114), 2769-2778.

[7]. Wang, X., et al. (2024). The emerging role of the gut microbiota and its application in inflammatory bowel disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 179, 117302..

[8]. Zhu, M.-Z., et al. (2023). Exploring the efficacy of herbal medicinal products as oral therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 165, 115266.

[9]. Tang, X., et al. (2024). Targeted delivery of Fc-fused PD-L1 for effective management of acute and chronic colitis. Nature Communications, 15(1), 1673.

[10]. Hu, Q., et al. (2024). Polyphenolic nanoparticle-modified probiotics for microenvironment remodeling and targeted therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. ACS Nano, 18(20), 12917-12932.

[11]. Yang, S., et al. (2024). Ginseng-derived nanoparticles alleviate inflammatory bowel disease via the TLR4/MAPK and p62/Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 22(1), 48.

[12]. Ishida, N., et al. (2021). C-reactive protein is superior to fecal biomarkers for evaluating colon-wide active inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12431.

[13]. Trasolini, R., et al. (2022). Fecal leukocyte esterase, an alternative biomarker to fecal calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot series. Gastro Hep Advances, 1(1), 45-51.

[14]. Huang, X., et al. (2023). Clinical significance of the C-reactive protein-to-bilirubin ratio in patients with ulcerative colitis. Frontiers in Medicine, 10.

[15]. Dolinger, M., Torres, J., & Vermeire, S. (2024). Crohn's disease. The Lancet, 403(10432), 1177-1191.

[16]. Annese, V., et al. (2013). European evidence-based consensus for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 7(12), 982-1018.

[17]. Atreya, R., & Neurath, M. F. (2024). Biomarkers for personalizing IBD therapy: The quest continues. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 22(7), 1353-1364.

[18]. Neurath, M. F. (2024). Strategies for targeting cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 24(8), 559-576.

[19]. Gilliland, A., et al. (2024). Pathobionts in inflammatory bowel disease: Origins, underlying mechanisms, and implications for clinical care. Gastroenterology, 166(1), 44-58.

[20]. Lopes, S. A., et al. (2023). Delivery strategies of probiotics from nano- and microparticles: Trends in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease—An overview. Pharmaceutics, 15(11).

[21]. Li, M. C., & He, S. H. (2004). IL-10 and its related cytokines for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 10(5), 620-625.

[22]. Liu, J., et al. (2023). Orally-delivered, cytokine-engineered extracellular vesicles for targeted treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Small, 19(50), 2304023.

[23]. Fischer, S., et al. (2022). From structure to function - Ligand recognition by myeloid C-type lectin receptors. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 20, 5790-5812..

[24]. Saba, K., Denda-Nagai, K., & Irimura, T. (2009). A C-type lectin MGL1/CD301a plays an anti-inflammatory role in murine experimental colitis. American Journal of Pathology, 174(1), 144-152..

[25]. Casals, E., et al. (2020). Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Advances in biodistribution, toxicity, and preclinical exploration. Small, 16(20), 1907322.

[26]. Min, D. K., et al. (2023). Orally administrated inflamed colon-targeted nanotherapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease treatment by oxidative stress level modulation in colitis. ACS Nano, 17(23), 24404-24416.

[27]. Li, M., et al. (2023). Gold nanoparticles-embedded ceria with enhanced antioxidant activities for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Bioactive Materials, 25, 95-106.

[28]. Wang, C., et al. (2023). Therapeutic potential of exosome-based personalized delivery platform in chronic inflammatory diseases. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18(1), 100772.

[29]. Li, D. F., et al. (2023). Plant-derived exosomal nanoparticles: Potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease. Nanoscale Advances, 5(14), 3575-3588.

[30]. Kim, J., et al. (2023). Amelioration of colitis progression by ginseng-derived exosome-like nanoparticles through suppression of inflammatory cytokines. Journal of Ginseng Research, 47(5), 627-637.

[31]. Karthikeyan, A., et al. (2021). Curcumin and its modified formulations on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): The story so far and future outlook. Pharmaceutics, 13(4).

[32]. Laurindo, L. F., et al. (2023). Curcumin-based nanomedicines in the treatment of inflammatory and immunomodulated diseases: An evidence-based comprehensive review. Pharmaceutics, 15(1).

[33]. Lei, F., et al. (2023). Oral hydrogel nanoemulsion co-delivery system treats inflammatory bowel disease via anti-inflammatory and promoting intestinal mucosa repair. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 21(1), 275.

Cite this article

Ding,Y. (2025). Advances in Nanoparticles for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Theoretical and Natural Science,131,1-7.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of ICBioMed 2025 Symposium: Interdisciplinary Frontiers in Pharmaceutical Sciences

ISBN: 978-1-80590-291-1(Print) / 978-1-80590-292-8(Online)
Editor: Alan Wang, Xiangdong Xue
Conference website: https://www.icbiomed.org/shanghai.html
Conference date: 11 September 2025
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.131
ISSN: 2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

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