Competition and Cooperation in Nearshoring Between China and Mexico from the Perspective of Restructuring of Global Industrial Chains
Research Article
Open Access
CC BY

Competition and Cooperation in Nearshoring Between China and Mexico from the Perspective of Restructuring of Global Industrial Chains

Hang Yin 1*
1 Harbin Normal University
*Corresponding author: 1456510889@qq.com
Published on 19 November 2025
Volume Cover
LNEP Vol.114
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-511-0
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-512-7
Download Cover

Abstract

From the perspective of the restructuring of global industrial chains, this paper analyzes the relationship between China and Mexico in nearshoring from the two dimensions of competition and cooperation, combining trade data and corporate cases from 2018 to 2025. The study shows that the competition between China and Mexico is essentially a re-game of the division of labor in the global industrial chain, while the cooperation potential stems from the complementarity of their industrial structures and the common demand for technological upgrading. Based on this, this paper suggests that the two sides should accelerate free trade agreement negotiations, jointly build a stable and efficient industrial supply chain system, and promote the realization of "win-win cooperation" between China and Mexico. This study not only provides a clear analytical framework for clarifying the nearshoring relationship between China and Mexico but also aims to offer references for developing countries to explore new win-win cooperation models amid the adjustment of global industrial chains.

Keywords:

Nearshoring, Restructuring of Global Industrial Chains, Win-Win Cooperation

View PDF
Yin,H. (2025). Competition and Cooperation in Nearshoring Between China and Mexico from the Perspective of Restructuring of Global Industrial Chains. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,114,62-69.

References

[1]. Acemoglu, D., et al. (2023). Nearshoring and industrial transition: Evidence from Mexico. American Economic Review, 113(5), 1331–1370.

[2]. Okamoto, G. (2020). Straight talk: Knightmare uncertainty. Finance and Development, 57(3), 10–11.

[3]. BCG. (2023, September 21). Harnessing the tectonic shifts in global manufacturing. https: //www.bcg.com/publications/2023/harnessing-tectonic-global-shift-in-manufacturing

[4]. Piatanesi, B., & Arauzo-Carod, J. (2019). Backshoring and nearshoring: An overview. Growth and Change, 50(3), 806–823.

[5]. Patterson, T. (2024, April 23). Mexico vs China manufacturing: A logistics comparison. https: //www.visigistics.com/resources/mexico-vs-china-manufacturing-a-logistics-comparison

[6]. Schmitz, H. (Ed.). (2024). Local enterprises in the global economy: Issues of governance and upgrading. Edward Elgar Publishing.

[7]. Dussel Peters, E. (2023, April 15). Monitor of Chinese OFDI in Latin America and the Caribbean 2023. Red ALC-China. https: //docs.redalc-china.org/monitor/images/pdfs/menuprincipal/DusselPeters_MonitorOFDI_2023_Eng.pdf

[8]. U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). Foreign trade balance. https: //www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/

[9]. Lu, Q. D. (2025). A perspective on the future development of China-Mexico relations from Sheinbaum's policy agenda. Future and Development, 49(03), 48–55.

[10]. Li, X. X. (2023). Labor value content in the automotive rules of origin under the USMCA: Basic connotation, in-depth meaning and practical implications. Chinese Review of International Law, (4), 71–83.

[11]. Gobierno de México. (2025, February 28). Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2025-2030. https: //www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/981072/PND_2025-2030_v250226_14.pdf

[12]. Ganfeng Lithium. (2025, April 30). 2024 annual report. https: //www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/0430/2025043003751_c.pdf https: //news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/chinas-byd-pauses-mexico-factory-plans-until-after-us-election

[13]. Dussel Peters, E. (2025, March 15). Monitor of Chinese OFDI in Latin America and the Caribbean 2025. Red ALC-China. https: //docs.redalc-china.org/monitor/images/pdfs/menuprincipal/DusselPeters_MonitorOFDI_2025_Chn.pdf

[14]. International Energy Agency. (2024, October). Renewables 2024: Electricity. https: //www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024/electricity

[15]. Xie, J. N. (2025, July 22). More Mexican enterprises willing to cooperate with Chinese partners to promote business upgrading. People's Daily, (17).

[16]. Henan Provincial Department of Commerce. (2025, July 15). Opportunities and challenges for Chinese new energy enterprises in the Mexican market. https: //hnsswt.henan.gov.cn/2025/07-25/3184126.html

[17]. Zhang, J. Y., & Bu, S. H. (2021). Progress, drivers and impacts of "nearshoring" in the US-Mexico manufacturing industrial chain. Journal of Latin American Studies, 43(4), 96–114+157.

[18]. Chen, L., & Liu, Z. B. (2026). The impact of global industrial chain and supply chain trends on China and policy recommendations. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 47(1), 69–78.

[19]. Jiang, Y. Y., Liu, X. D., & Xu, P. Y. (2025). Supply chain relocation in the process of US-Mexico economic integration and China's supply chain security. Journal of Latin American Studies, 47(4), 60–80+163–164.

[20]. Shu, X. T. (2022). Mexico becomes a "springboard" for Chinese enterprises to explore the North American market. China Foreign Investment, (19), 32–34.

[21]. Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education. (2025, July 25). Xi'an Railway Vocational and Technical Institute goes global with enterprises to foster metro craftsmen through industry-education integration. https: //jyt.shaanxi.gov.cn/index/dsyw/202507/t20250730_3549150l

References

[1]. Acemoglu, D., et al. (2023). Nearshoring and industrial transition: Evidence from Mexico. American Economic Review, 113(5), 1331–1370.

[2]. Okamoto, G. (2020). Straight talk: Knightmare uncertainty. Finance and Development, 57(3), 10–11.

[3]. BCG. (2023, September 21). Harnessing the tectonic shifts in global manufacturing. https: //www.bcg.com/publications/2023/harnessing-tectonic-global-shift-in-manufacturing

[4]. Piatanesi, B., & Arauzo-Carod, J. (2019). Backshoring and nearshoring: An overview. Growth and Change, 50(3), 806–823.

[5]. Patterson, T. (2024, April 23). Mexico vs China manufacturing: A logistics comparison. https: //www.visigistics.com/resources/mexico-vs-china-manufacturing-a-logistics-comparison

[6]. Schmitz, H. (Ed.). (2024). Local enterprises in the global economy: Issues of governance and upgrading. Edward Elgar Publishing.

[7]. Dussel Peters, E. (2023, April 15). Monitor of Chinese OFDI in Latin America and the Caribbean 2023. Red ALC-China. https: //docs.redalc-china.org/monitor/images/pdfs/menuprincipal/DusselPeters_MonitorOFDI_2023_Eng.pdf

[8]. U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). Foreign trade balance. https: //www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/

[9]. Lu, Q. D. (2025). A perspective on the future development of China-Mexico relations from Sheinbaum's policy agenda. Future and Development, 49(03), 48–55.

[10]. Li, X. X. (2023). Labor value content in the automotive rules of origin under the USMCA: Basic connotation, in-depth meaning and practical implications. Chinese Review of International Law, (4), 71–83.

[11]. Gobierno de México. (2025, February 28). Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2025-2030. https: //www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/981072/PND_2025-2030_v250226_14.pdf

[12]. Ganfeng Lithium. (2025, April 30). 2024 annual report. https: //www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2025/0430/2025043003751_c.pdf https: //news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/chinas-byd-pauses-mexico-factory-plans-until-after-us-election

[13]. Dussel Peters, E. (2025, March 15). Monitor of Chinese OFDI in Latin America and the Caribbean 2025. Red ALC-China. https: //docs.redalc-china.org/monitor/images/pdfs/menuprincipal/DusselPeters_MonitorOFDI_2025_Chn.pdf

[14]. International Energy Agency. (2024, October). Renewables 2024: Electricity. https: //www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024/electricity

[15]. Xie, J. N. (2025, July 22). More Mexican enterprises willing to cooperate with Chinese partners to promote business upgrading. People's Daily, (17).

[16]. Henan Provincial Department of Commerce. (2025, July 15). Opportunities and challenges for Chinese new energy enterprises in the Mexican market. https: //hnsswt.henan.gov.cn/2025/07-25/3184126.html

[17]. Zhang, J. Y., & Bu, S. H. (2021). Progress, drivers and impacts of "nearshoring" in the US-Mexico manufacturing industrial chain. Journal of Latin American Studies, 43(4), 96–114+157.

[18]. Chen, L., & Liu, Z. B. (2026). The impact of global industrial chain and supply chain trends on China and policy recommendations. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 47(1), 69–78.

[19]. Jiang, Y. Y., Liu, X. D., & Xu, P. Y. (2025). Supply chain relocation in the process of US-Mexico economic integration and China's supply chain security. Journal of Latin American Studies, 47(4), 60–80+163–164.

[20]. Shu, X. T. (2022). Mexico becomes a "springboard" for Chinese enterprises to explore the North American market. China Foreign Investment, (19), 32–34.

[21]. Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education. (2025, July 25). Xi'an Railway Vocational and Technical Institute goes global with enterprises to foster metro craftsmen through industry-education integration. https: //jyt.shaanxi.gov.cn/index/dsyw/202507/t20250730_3549150l

Cite this article

Yin,H. (2025). Competition and Cooperation in Nearshoring Between China and Mexico from the Perspective of Restructuring of Global Industrial Chains. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,114,62-69.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on International Law and Legal Policy

ISBN: 978-1-80590-511-0(Print) / 978-1-80590-512-7(Online)
Editor: Renuka Thakore, Abdullah Laghari
Conference website: https://2025.icillp.org/Nawabshah.html
Conference date: 17 October 2025
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.114
ISSN: 2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

For authors
For editors
For reviewers

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.