Workplace Exclusion and Gender: The Effect of Exclusion and Inclusion in Workplace Setting on Male and Female’s Work Attitude
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Workplace Exclusion and Gender: The Effect of Exclusion and Inclusion in Workplace Setting on Male and Female’s Work Attitude

Yatong Deng 1*
1 Basis International Park Lane Harbour
*Corresponding author: yatong.deng17000-biph@basischina.com
Published on 11 July 2025
Volume Cover
LNEP Vol.105
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-251-5
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-252-2
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Abstract

This paper focuses on the effect of work place exclusion and inclusion on male and female’s work-related attitude. Furthermore, we compare the scale of impact and examine how male and female have been affected differently by exclusion and inclusion. This study helps people to cope with exclusion in everyday life and companies to create a better working environment. In the study, participates are randomly assigned into ‘included’ group and ‘exclude’ group. They and their supervisors are going to complete a pre-survey and post-survey to assess the participants’ work attitude before and after either inclusion or exclusion. We expect that work attitude will become more positive after inclusion and more negative after exclusion for both male and female. Additionally, male will be more affected by exclusion. Based on the results, individuals can have better understanding in social relationships and companies can adjust related policies to decrease exclusion, leading up to greater productivity in the organization.

Keywords:

workplace, exclusion, inclusion, work attitude, gender.

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Deng,Y. (2025). Workplace Exclusion and Gender: The Effect of Exclusion and Inclusion in Workplace Setting on Male and Female’s Work Attitude. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,105,75-81.

References

[1]. Cedeño, D. (2023). Social Exclusion and Inclusion: A Social Work Perspective. Families in Society, 104(3), 332-343. https: //doi.org/10.1177/10443894221147576

[2]. Cuesta, J., López-Noval, B., & Niño-Zarazúa, M. (2024). Social exclusion concepts, measurement, and a global estimate. Plos one, 19(2), e0298085.

[3]. Baumeister, R. F., Brewer, L. E., Tice, D. M., & Twenge, J. M. (2007). Thwarting the need to belong: Understanding the interpersonal and inner effects of social exclusion. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 506-520.

[4]. Leary, M. R. (1990). Responses to social exclusion: Social anxiety, jealousy, loneliness, depression, and low self-esteem. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9(2), 221-229.

[5]. Li, H., Yuan, J., & Lin, C. (2008). The neural mechanism underlying the female advantage in identifying negative emotions: an event-related potential study. Neuroimage, 40(4), 1921-1929.

[6]. Deaner, R. O. (2006). More males run fast: A stable sex difference in competitiveness in US distance runners. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27(1), 63-84.

[7]. Chen, C., & Tang, N. (2018). Does perceived inclusion matter in the workplace?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 33(1), 43-57.

[8]. Miller, M. J., & Manata, B. (2023). The effects of workplace inclusion on employee assimilation outcomes. International Journal of Business Communication, 60(3), 777-801.

[9]. Ahmed, A., Liang, D., Anjum, M. A., & Durrani, D. K. (2022). Stronger together: Examining the interaction effects of workplace dignity and workplace inclusion on employees’ job performance. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 891189.

[10]. Rahiman, M. H. U., & Kodikal, R. (2017). Impact of employee work related attitudes on job performance. British Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 13(2), 93-105.

[11]. Renn, R., Allen, D., & Huning, T. (2013). The relationship of social exclusion at work with self-defeating behavior and turnover. The Journal of social psychology, 153(2), 229-249.

[12]. Erdil, O., & Adıgüzel, Z. (2019). Impact of Organizational Justice on Psychological Contract Violations, Organizational Exclusion & Job Satisfaction. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences.

[13]. Ahmad, H., Ahmad, K., & Shah, I. A. (2010). Relationship between job satisfaction, job performance attitude towards work and organizational commitment. European journal of social sciences, 18(2), 257-267.

[14]. Donner, N. C., & Lowry, C. A. (2013). Sex differences in anxiety and emotional behavior. Pflügers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology, 465, 601-626.

References

[1]. Cedeño, D. (2023). Social Exclusion and Inclusion: A Social Work Perspective. Families in Society, 104(3), 332-343. https: //doi.org/10.1177/10443894221147576

[2]. Cuesta, J., López-Noval, B., & Niño-Zarazúa, M. (2024). Social exclusion concepts, measurement, and a global estimate. Plos one, 19(2), e0298085.

[3]. Baumeister, R. F., Brewer, L. E., Tice, D. M., & Twenge, J. M. (2007). Thwarting the need to belong: Understanding the interpersonal and inner effects of social exclusion. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 506-520.

[4]. Leary, M. R. (1990). Responses to social exclusion: Social anxiety, jealousy, loneliness, depression, and low self-esteem. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9(2), 221-229.

[5]. Li, H., Yuan, J., & Lin, C. (2008). The neural mechanism underlying the female advantage in identifying negative emotions: an event-related potential study. Neuroimage, 40(4), 1921-1929.

[6]. Deaner, R. O. (2006). More males run fast: A stable sex difference in competitiveness in US distance runners. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27(1), 63-84.

[7]. Chen, C., & Tang, N. (2018). Does perceived inclusion matter in the workplace?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 33(1), 43-57.

[8]. Miller, M. J., & Manata, B. (2023). The effects of workplace inclusion on employee assimilation outcomes. International Journal of Business Communication, 60(3), 777-801.

[9]. Ahmed, A., Liang, D., Anjum, M. A., & Durrani, D. K. (2022). Stronger together: Examining the interaction effects of workplace dignity and workplace inclusion on employees’ job performance. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 891189.

[10]. Rahiman, M. H. U., & Kodikal, R. (2017). Impact of employee work related attitudes on job performance. British Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 13(2), 93-105.

[11]. Renn, R., Allen, D., & Huning, T. (2013). The relationship of social exclusion at work with self-defeating behavior and turnover. The Journal of social psychology, 153(2), 229-249.

[12]. Erdil, O., & Adıgüzel, Z. (2019). Impact of Organizational Justice on Psychological Contract Violations, Organizational Exclusion & Job Satisfaction. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences.

[13]. Ahmad, H., Ahmad, K., & Shah, I. A. (2010). Relationship between job satisfaction, job performance attitude towards work and organizational commitment. European journal of social sciences, 18(2), 257-267.

[14]. Donner, N. C., & Lowry, C. A. (2013). Sex differences in anxiety and emotional behavior. Pflügers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology, 465, 601-626.

Cite this article

Deng,Y. (2025). Workplace Exclusion and Gender: The Effect of Exclusion and Inclusion in Workplace Setting on Male and Female’s Work Attitude. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,105,75-81.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities

ISBN: 978-1-80590-251-5(Print) / 978-1-80590-252-2(Online)
Editor: Enrique Mallen
Conference website: https://2024.icgpsh.org/
Conference date: 20 December 2024
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.105
ISSN: 2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

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