Energy Resilience Assessment Against the Backdrop of Global Energy Supply Shocks: Theoretical Framework, Key Indicators, and International Experiences
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Energy Resilience Assessment Against the Backdrop of Global Energy Supply Shocks: Theoretical Framework, Key Indicators, and International Experiences

Zixian Huang 1*
1 Macau University of Science and Technology
*Corresponding author: 1220028682@student.must.edu.mo
Published on 16 September 2025
Journal Cover
AEMPS Vol.216
ISSN (Print): 2754-1177
ISSN (Online): 2754-1169
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-359-8
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-360-4
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Abstract

Against the backdrop of global energy supply being frequently impacted by geopolitical conflicts, extreme climate events, and structural contradictions in energy transition, energy resilience has emerged as a core issue in global governance and energy research. The paper systematically reviews the theoretical evolution trajectory and integrated framework of energy resilience, explores its assessment methods and key indicators, and summarizes the differentiated paths in international practices. The conclusions are drawn as follows: First, energy resilience is not a single static attribute, but a dynamic complex system that requires the intertwining of technology, society, and policies. Second, the diversification of international energy resilience paths primarily stems from the "adaptive choices" made by countries at different stages of development and with varying economic and technical backgrounds. Developed countries rely on the dual drive of "technology + capital" to build energy resilience, while developing countries focus on low-cost and targeted breakthroughs in energy resilience paths. Moreover, the effectiveness of energy resilience does not lie in whether the model is "advanced or not", but in whether it forms a dynamic adaptation with the country's actual conditions and risk characteristics.

Keywords:

Energy resilience, geopolitical conflicts, energy transition.

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Huang,Z. (2025). Energy Resilience Assessment Against the Backdrop of Global Energy Supply Shocks: Theoretical Framework, Key Indicators, and International Experiences. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,216,15-21.

References

[1]. China National Petroleum Corporation Economic and Technical Research Institute (2022) Global Energy Security Report (2022). Year of Crisis under Geopolitical Change. 2, 40-46.

[2]. Holling, C.S. (1973) Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1-23.

[3]. Panteli, M., Mancarella, P., Trakas, D.N., Kyriakides, E. and Hatziargyriou, N.D. (2017) Metrics and Quantification of Operational and Infrastructure Resilience in Power Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 32, 4752-4763.

[4]. Jesse, B.-J., Kramer, G.J. and Koning, V. (2024) Characterization of Necessary Elements for a Definition of Resilience for the Energy System. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 14, 46.

[5]. ARUP (2023) Future-proofing Energy Systems: The Energy Resilience Framework. International Outlook.  6, 41-46.

[6]. Zhang, X.T. and Xu, Z.H. (2020) Geopolitical Risks and Responses of Major Overseas Projects under the "Belt and Road Initiative" — Conceptual and Theoretical Construction. International Outlook, 12, 80-96.

[7]. Li, Z., Shi, Q. and Bu, L. (2021) Are Geopolitical Risks Influencing Factors of International Crude Oil Price Fluctuations?: An Analysis Based on the GARCH-MIDAS Model. World Economy Studies, 11, 18-32.

[8]. Caldara, D. and Iacoviello, M. (2022) Measuring Geopolitical Risk. American Economic Review, 112, 1194-1225.

[9]. Pan, J.H., Dong, X.C., Cui, H.J., Ding, C. and Yan, B. (2023) The European Energy Crisis and Its Impact Analysis. International Economic Review, 1, 9-37.

[10]. Chen, X., Li, X. and He, M. (2022) EU's Active Transition to Renewable Energy. Ecological Economy, 38, 2-4.

[11]. Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (2023) Basic Hydrogen Strategy. Council for Renewable Energy and Hydrogen-related Ministers Report, 3, 2-4.

[12]. FluxFair (2023) Harnessing Renewable Potential: Building Disaster Resilience in Developing Economies, 38, 21-24.

References

[1]. China National Petroleum Corporation Economic and Technical Research Institute (2022) Global Energy Security Report (2022). Year of Crisis under Geopolitical Change. 2, 40-46.

[2]. Holling, C.S. (1973) Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1-23.

[3]. Panteli, M., Mancarella, P., Trakas, D.N., Kyriakides, E. and Hatziargyriou, N.D. (2017) Metrics and Quantification of Operational and Infrastructure Resilience in Power Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 32, 4752-4763.

[4]. Jesse, B.-J., Kramer, G.J. and Koning, V. (2024) Characterization of Necessary Elements for a Definition of Resilience for the Energy System. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 14, 46.

[5]. ARUP (2023) Future-proofing Energy Systems: The Energy Resilience Framework. International Outlook.  6, 41-46.

[6]. Zhang, X.T. and Xu, Z.H. (2020) Geopolitical Risks and Responses of Major Overseas Projects under the "Belt and Road Initiative" — Conceptual and Theoretical Construction. International Outlook, 12, 80-96.

[7]. Li, Z., Shi, Q. and Bu, L. (2021) Are Geopolitical Risks Influencing Factors of International Crude Oil Price Fluctuations?: An Analysis Based on the GARCH-MIDAS Model. World Economy Studies, 11, 18-32.

[8]. Caldara, D. and Iacoviello, M. (2022) Measuring Geopolitical Risk. American Economic Review, 112, 1194-1225.

[9]. Pan, J.H., Dong, X.C., Cui, H.J., Ding, C. and Yan, B. (2023) The European Energy Crisis and Its Impact Analysis. International Economic Review, 1, 9-37.

[10]. Chen, X., Li, X. and He, M. (2022) EU's Active Transition to Renewable Energy. Ecological Economy, 38, 2-4.

[11]. Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (2023) Basic Hydrogen Strategy. Council for Renewable Energy and Hydrogen-related Ministers Report, 3, 2-4.

[12]. FluxFair (2023) Harnessing Renewable Potential: Building Disaster Resilience in Developing Economies, 38, 21-24.

Cite this article

Huang,Z. (2025). Energy Resilience Assessment Against the Backdrop of Global Energy Supply Shocks: Theoretical Framework, Key Indicators, and International Experiences. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,216,15-21.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of ICFTBA 2025 Symposium: Financial Framework's Role in Economics and Management of Human-Centered Development

ISBN: 978-1-80590-359-8(Print) / 978-1-80590-360-4(Online)
Editor: Lukáš Vartiak, Habil. Florian Marcel Nuţă
Conference website: https://2025.icftba.org/Galati.html
Conference date: 17 October 2025
Series: Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences
Volume number: Vol.216
ISSN: 2754-1169(Print) / 2754-1177(Online)

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