A Review of the Overall Efficiency of Automotive Energy Recovery Systems in Extending Travel Range
Research Article
Open Access
CC BY

A Review of the Overall Efficiency of Automotive Energy Recovery Systems in Extending Travel Range

Jizheng Pan 1* Chenglin Song 2, Yuxin Zhang 3, Zeren Zhu 4, Tiancheng Dang 5
1 Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
2 Qingdao university of Science & Technology
3 Vanke Bilingual High School
4 Shenzhen Senior High School International Division
5 Guanghua Cambridge International School
*Corresponding author: 202215020212@sust.edu.cn
Published on 2 October 2025
Journal Cover
ACE Vol.188
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-397-0
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-398-7
Download Cover

Abstract

Due to the environmental concerns associated with conventional fuel vehicles, improving overall vehicle efficiency has become a key research priority. This paper investigates whether automotive energy recovery systems can effectively enhance efficiency and extend travel distance using the same input energy. Multiple recovery methods—including regenerative braking, mechanical flywheels, thermoelectric generators, Rankine cycle systems, and electric turbochargers—are assessed based on their overall efficiency. These systems aim to recollect and utilize waste energy to improve performance. Among hybrid vehicles, energy recovery remains the most critical factor for efficiency gains. Test results indicate that each method offers measurable benefits, such as reduced battery stress, improved acceleration, and extended range. Mechanical flywheels emerged as the most feasible solution, closely followed by regenerative braking. While all systems show potential, future studies must focus on optimizing control strategies and validating effectiveness under real-world, transient conditions to ensure consistent and scalable improvements in automotive efficiency.

Keywords:

Energy Recovery Systems, Overall Efficiency, Hybrid Vehicle Optimization, Waste Heat Utilization

View PDF
Pan,J.;Song,C.;Zhang,Y.;Zhu,Z.;Dang,T. (2025). A Review of the Overall Efficiency of Automotive Energy Recovery Systems in Extending Travel Range. Applied and Computational Engineering,188,6-30.

References

[1]. B. Ge, D. Sun, W. Wu, and F. Z. Peng, “Winding Design, Modeling, and Control for Pole-Phase Modulation Induction Motors, ” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 898–911, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2208652.

[2]. E. Libbos, E. Krause, A. Banerjee, and P. T. Krein, “Winding Layout Considerations for Variable-Pole Induction Motors in Electric Vehicles, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 5214–5225, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2023.3248444.

[3]. I. Karatzaferis, E. C. Tatakis, and N. Papanikolaou, “Investigation of Energy Savings on Industrial Motor Drives Using Bidirectional Converters, ” IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 17952–17961, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2748621.

[4]. S. Heydari, P. Fajri, M. Rasheduzzaman, and R. Sabzehgar, “Maximizing Regenerative Braking Energy Recovery of Electric Vehicles Through Dynamic Low-Speed Cutoff Point Detection, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 262–270, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2019.2894942.

[5]. B. Sun, T. Gu, B. Li, P. Wang, S. Gao, and S. Wei, “Design and application of electromechanical flywheel hybrid device for electric vehicle, ” Energy Rep., vol. 8, pp. 12570–12582, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.09.078.

[6]. N. Farrokhzad Ershad, R. Tafazzoli Mehrjardi, and M. Ehsani, “High-Performance 4WD Electric Powertrain With Flywheel Kinetic Energy Recovery, ” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 772–784, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2020.3004866.

[7]. R.-C. Talawo, B. E. M. Fotso, and M. Fogue, “An experimental study of a solar thermoelectric generator with vortex tube for hybrid vehicle, ” Int. J. Thermofluids, vol. 10, p. 100079, May 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100079.

[8]. S.-K. Kim, B.-C. Won, S.-H. Rhi, S.-H. Kim, J.-H. Yoo, and J.-C. Jang, “Thermoelectric Power Generation System for Future Hybrid Vehicles Using Hot Exhaust Gas, ” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 778–783, May 2011, doi: 10.1007/s11664-011-1569-1.

[9]. S. Shaharizal, M. R. Ahmad, and H. F. Hawari, “Design and analysis of a hybrid energy harvester for self-powered sensor, ” in TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Nov. 2017, pp. 1016–1021. doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2017.8228006.

[10]. J. C. Jiménez-García, A. Ruiz, A. Pacheco-Reyes, and W. Rivera, “A Comprehensive Review of Organic Rankine Cycles, ” Processes, vol. 11, no. 7, Art. no. 7, July 2023, doi: 10.3390/pr11071982.

[11]. Pablo Rodríguez-deArriba et al., “The potential of transcritical cycles based on CO2 mixtures: An exergy-based analysis, ” Renew. Energy, vol. 199, pp. 1606–1628, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.09.041.

[12]. G. Sandrini, D. Chindamo, and M. Gadola, “Regenerative Braking Logic That Maximizes Energy Recovery Ensuring the Vehicle Stability, ” Energies, vol. 15, no. 16, 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15165846.

[13]. B. Güney and H. Kılıç, “Research on Regenerative Braking Systems: A Review, ” Int. J. Sci. Res. IJSR, vol. 9, pp. 160–166, Sept. 2020, doi: 10.21275/SR20902143703.

[14]. R. K. Chidambaram et al., “Effect of Regenerative Braking on Battery Life, ” Energies, vol. 16, no. 14, 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16145303.

[15]. S. Dabral, S. Basak, and C. Chakraborty, “Regenerative Braking Efficiency Enhancement Using Pole-Changing Induction Motor, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 7580–7590, Sept. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2023.3331448.

[16]. J. Kropiwnicki and T. Gawłas, “Energy efficiency of a car driving with regenerative braking, ” Combust. Engines, July 2025, doi: 10.19206/ce-207152.

[17]. A. Boretti, “Advancing sustainable mobility: Integrating flywheel kinetic energy recovery systems with high-efficiency hydrogen internal combustion engines, ” Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 125, pp. 354–363, May 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.04.094.

[18]. M. E. Amiryar and K. R. Pullen, “A Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System Technologies and Their Applications, ” Appl. Sci., vol. 7, no. 3, 2017, doi: 10.3390/app7030286.

[19]. K. Erhan and E. Özdemir, “Prototype production and comparative analysis of high-speed flywheel energy storage systems during regenerative braking in hybrid and electric vehicles, ” J. Energy Storage, vol. 43, p. 103237, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.103237.

[20]. R. Takarli et al., “A Comprehensive Review on Flywheel Energy Storage Systems: Survey on Electrical Machines, Power Electronics Converters, and Control Systems, ” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 81224–81255, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3301148.

[21]. S. Rijal, S. K. Labh, Y. Bajgain, D. Bastakoti, and S. Acharya, Recent Advancements in Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems in Automobile. 2023.

[22]. F. Sher et al., “Novel strategies to reduce engine emissions and improve energy efficiency in hybrid vehicles, ” Clean. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, p. 100074, June 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.clet.2021.100074.

[23]. S. Ezzitouni et al., “Electrical Modelling and Mismatch Effects of Thermoelectric Modules on Performance of a Thermoelectric Generator for Energy Recovery in Diesel Exhaust Systems, ” Energies, vol. 14, no. 11, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14113189.

[24]. M. K. Mahek, M. Ramadan, S. S. bin Dol, M. Ghazal, and M. Alkhedher, “A comprehensive review of thermoelectric cooling technologies for enhanced thermal management in lithium-ion battery systems, ” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 24, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40649.

[25]. “Electric vehicle battery thermal management system with thermoelectric cooling, ” Energy Rep., vol. 5, pp. 822–827, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.06.016.

[26]. A. Fouda, H. Elattar, S. Rubaiee, A. S. B. Mahfouz, and A. M. Alharbi, “Thermodynamic and Performance Assessment of an Innovative Solar-Assisted Tri-Generation System for Water Desalination, Air-Conditioning, and Power Generation, ” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 12, no. 5, Art. no. 5, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.48084/etasr.5237.

[27]. O. A. Marzouk, “Condenser Pressure Influence on Ideal Steam Rankine Power Vapor Cycle using the Python Extension Package Cantera for Thermodynamics, ” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 14, no. 3, Art. no. 3, June 2024, doi: 10.48084/etasr.7277.

[28]. J. C. Jiménez-García, A. Ruiz, A. Pacheco-Reyes, and W. Rivera, “A Comprehensive Review of Organic Rankine Cycles, ” Processes, vol. 11, no. 7, Art. no. 7, July 2023, doi: 10.3390/pr11071982.

[29]. Peng Liu a b et al., “Experimental study on transcritical Rankine cycle (TRC) using CO2/R134a mixtures with various composition ratios for waste heat recovery from diesel engines, ” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 208, p. 112574, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112574.

[30]. “Cascading the Transcritical CO2 and Organic Rankine Cycles with Supercritical CO2 Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery, ” Int. J. Thermofluids, vol. 20, p. 100508, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100508.

[31]. “Analysis of the thermodynamic performance of transcritical CO2 power cycle configurations for low grade waste heat recovery, ” Energy Rep., vol. 8, pp. 4196–4208, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.03.040.

[32]. “Review of supercritical CO2 power cycle technology and current status of research and development, ” Nucl. Eng. Technol., vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 647–661, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.net.2015.06.009.

[33]. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Transcritical CO2 Cycles for Heat Pump Applications.” Accessed: July 18, 2025. [Online]. Available: https: //www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/17/7511

[34]. P. Bouteiller, M.-F. Terrier, and P. Tobaly, “Experimental Study of Heat Pump Thermodynamic Cycles Using CO 2 Based Mixtures -Methodology and First Results, ” 2017, p. 020052. doi: 10.1063/1.4976271.

[35]. “Process design methodology for rankine cycle based on heat matching, ” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 193, p. 114295, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114295.

[36]. “Effects of working fluid on thermal performance and impact force of two-phase closed thermosyphon at low heat flux, ” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 167, p. 109311, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109311.

[37]. S. Lück, T. Wittmann, J. Göing, C. Bode, and J. Friedrichs, “Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger, ” Machines, vol. 10, p. 59, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.3390/machines10010059.

[38]. P. Dimitriou, R. Burke, Q. Zhang, C. Copeland, and H. Stoffels, “Electric Turbocharging for Energy Regeneration and Increased Efficiency at Real Driving Conditions, ” Appl. Sci., vol. 7, no. 4, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.3390/app7040350.

References

[1]. B. Ge, D. Sun, W. Wu, and F. Z. Peng, “Winding Design, Modeling, and Control for Pole-Phase Modulation Induction Motors, ” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 898–911, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2208652.

[2]. E. Libbos, E. Krause, A. Banerjee, and P. T. Krein, “Winding Layout Considerations for Variable-Pole Induction Motors in Electric Vehicles, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 5214–5225, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2023.3248444.

[3]. I. Karatzaferis, E. C. Tatakis, and N. Papanikolaou, “Investigation of Energy Savings on Industrial Motor Drives Using Bidirectional Converters, ” IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 17952–17961, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2748621.

[4]. S. Heydari, P. Fajri, M. Rasheduzzaman, and R. Sabzehgar, “Maximizing Regenerative Braking Energy Recovery of Electric Vehicles Through Dynamic Low-Speed Cutoff Point Detection, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 262–270, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2019.2894942.

[5]. B. Sun, T. Gu, B. Li, P. Wang, S. Gao, and S. Wei, “Design and application of electromechanical flywheel hybrid device for electric vehicle, ” Energy Rep., vol. 8, pp. 12570–12582, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.09.078.

[6]. N. Farrokhzad Ershad, R. Tafazzoli Mehrjardi, and M. Ehsani, “High-Performance 4WD Electric Powertrain With Flywheel Kinetic Energy Recovery, ” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 772–784, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2020.3004866.

[7]. R.-C. Talawo, B. E. M. Fotso, and M. Fogue, “An experimental study of a solar thermoelectric generator with vortex tube for hybrid vehicle, ” Int. J. Thermofluids, vol. 10, p. 100079, May 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100079.

[8]. S.-K. Kim, B.-C. Won, S.-H. Rhi, S.-H. Kim, J.-H. Yoo, and J.-C. Jang, “Thermoelectric Power Generation System for Future Hybrid Vehicles Using Hot Exhaust Gas, ” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 778–783, May 2011, doi: 10.1007/s11664-011-1569-1.

[9]. S. Shaharizal, M. R. Ahmad, and H. F. Hawari, “Design and analysis of a hybrid energy harvester for self-powered sensor, ” in TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Nov. 2017, pp. 1016–1021. doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2017.8228006.

[10]. J. C. Jiménez-García, A. Ruiz, A. Pacheco-Reyes, and W. Rivera, “A Comprehensive Review of Organic Rankine Cycles, ” Processes, vol. 11, no. 7, Art. no. 7, July 2023, doi: 10.3390/pr11071982.

[11]. Pablo Rodríguez-deArriba et al., “The potential of transcritical cycles based on CO2 mixtures: An exergy-based analysis, ” Renew. Energy, vol. 199, pp. 1606–1628, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.09.041.

[12]. G. Sandrini, D. Chindamo, and M. Gadola, “Regenerative Braking Logic That Maximizes Energy Recovery Ensuring the Vehicle Stability, ” Energies, vol. 15, no. 16, 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15165846.

[13]. B. Güney and H. Kılıç, “Research on Regenerative Braking Systems: A Review, ” Int. J. Sci. Res. IJSR, vol. 9, pp. 160–166, Sept. 2020, doi: 10.21275/SR20902143703.

[14]. R. K. Chidambaram et al., “Effect of Regenerative Braking on Battery Life, ” Energies, vol. 16, no. 14, 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16145303.

[15]. S. Dabral, S. Basak, and C. Chakraborty, “Regenerative Braking Efficiency Enhancement Using Pole-Changing Induction Motor, ” IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrification, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 7580–7590, Sept. 2024, doi: 10.1109/TTE.2023.3331448.

[16]. J. Kropiwnicki and T. Gawłas, “Energy efficiency of a car driving with regenerative braking, ” Combust. Engines, July 2025, doi: 10.19206/ce-207152.

[17]. A. Boretti, “Advancing sustainable mobility: Integrating flywheel kinetic energy recovery systems with high-efficiency hydrogen internal combustion engines, ” Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, vol. 125, pp. 354–363, May 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.04.094.

[18]. M. E. Amiryar and K. R. Pullen, “A Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System Technologies and Their Applications, ” Appl. Sci., vol. 7, no. 3, 2017, doi: 10.3390/app7030286.

[19]. K. Erhan and E. Özdemir, “Prototype production and comparative analysis of high-speed flywheel energy storage systems during regenerative braking in hybrid and electric vehicles, ” J. Energy Storage, vol. 43, p. 103237, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.103237.

[20]. R. Takarli et al., “A Comprehensive Review on Flywheel Energy Storage Systems: Survey on Electrical Machines, Power Electronics Converters, and Control Systems, ” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 81224–81255, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3301148.

[21]. S. Rijal, S. K. Labh, Y. Bajgain, D. Bastakoti, and S. Acharya, Recent Advancements in Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems in Automobile. 2023.

[22]. F. Sher et al., “Novel strategies to reduce engine emissions and improve energy efficiency in hybrid vehicles, ” Clean. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, p. 100074, June 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.clet.2021.100074.

[23]. S. Ezzitouni et al., “Electrical Modelling and Mismatch Effects of Thermoelectric Modules on Performance of a Thermoelectric Generator for Energy Recovery in Diesel Exhaust Systems, ” Energies, vol. 14, no. 11, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14113189.

[24]. M. K. Mahek, M. Ramadan, S. S. bin Dol, M. Ghazal, and M. Alkhedher, “A comprehensive review of thermoelectric cooling technologies for enhanced thermal management in lithium-ion battery systems, ” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 24, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40649.

[25]. “Electric vehicle battery thermal management system with thermoelectric cooling, ” Energy Rep., vol. 5, pp. 822–827, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.06.016.

[26]. A. Fouda, H. Elattar, S. Rubaiee, A. S. B. Mahfouz, and A. M. Alharbi, “Thermodynamic and Performance Assessment of an Innovative Solar-Assisted Tri-Generation System for Water Desalination, Air-Conditioning, and Power Generation, ” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 12, no. 5, Art. no. 5, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.48084/etasr.5237.

[27]. O. A. Marzouk, “Condenser Pressure Influence on Ideal Steam Rankine Power Vapor Cycle using the Python Extension Package Cantera for Thermodynamics, ” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 14, no. 3, Art. no. 3, June 2024, doi: 10.48084/etasr.7277.

[28]. J. C. Jiménez-García, A. Ruiz, A. Pacheco-Reyes, and W. Rivera, “A Comprehensive Review of Organic Rankine Cycles, ” Processes, vol. 11, no. 7, Art. no. 7, July 2023, doi: 10.3390/pr11071982.

[29]. Peng Liu a b et al., “Experimental study on transcritical Rankine cycle (TRC) using CO2/R134a mixtures with various composition ratios for waste heat recovery from diesel engines, ” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 208, p. 112574, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112574.

[30]. “Cascading the Transcritical CO2 and Organic Rankine Cycles with Supercritical CO2 Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery, ” Int. J. Thermofluids, vol. 20, p. 100508, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100508.

[31]. “Analysis of the thermodynamic performance of transcritical CO2 power cycle configurations for low grade waste heat recovery, ” Energy Rep., vol. 8, pp. 4196–4208, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.03.040.

[32]. “Review of supercritical CO2 power cycle technology and current status of research and development, ” Nucl. Eng. Technol., vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 647–661, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.net.2015.06.009.

[33]. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Transcritical CO2 Cycles for Heat Pump Applications.” Accessed: July 18, 2025. [Online]. Available: https: //www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/17/7511

[34]. P. Bouteiller, M.-F. Terrier, and P. Tobaly, “Experimental Study of Heat Pump Thermodynamic Cycles Using CO 2 Based Mixtures -Methodology and First Results, ” 2017, p. 020052. doi: 10.1063/1.4976271.

[35]. “Process design methodology for rankine cycle based on heat matching, ” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 193, p. 114295, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114295.

[36]. “Effects of working fluid on thermal performance and impact force of two-phase closed thermosyphon at low heat flux, ” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 167, p. 109311, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109311.

[37]. S. Lück, T. Wittmann, J. Göing, C. Bode, and J. Friedrichs, “Impact of Condensation on the System Performance of a Fuel Cell Turbocharger, ” Machines, vol. 10, p. 59, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.3390/machines10010059.

[38]. P. Dimitriou, R. Burke, Q. Zhang, C. Copeland, and H. Stoffels, “Electric Turbocharging for Energy Regeneration and Increased Efficiency at Real Driving Conditions, ” Appl. Sci., vol. 7, no. 4, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.3390/app7040350.

Cite this article

Pan,J.;Song,C.;Zhang,Y.;Zhu,Z.;Dang,T. (2025). A Review of the Overall Efficiency of Automotive Energy Recovery Systems in Extending Travel Range. Applied and Computational Engineering,188,6-30.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of CONF-MCEE 2026 Symposium: Advances in Sustainable Aviation and Aerospace Vehicle Automation

ISBN: 978-1-80590-397-0(Print) / 978-1-80590-398-7(Online)
Editor: Ömer Burak İSTANBULLU
Conference website: https://2025.confmcee.org/kayseri.html
Conference date: 14 November 2025
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.188
ISSN: 2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

For authors
For editors
For reviewers

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.