Probing the Cosmic Void Hypothesis: Current Evidence and Influence in Shaping the Universe
Research Article
Open Access
CC BY

Probing the Cosmic Void Hypothesis: Current Evidence and Influence in Shaping the Universe

Muchen Cai 1*
1 Shenzhen Foreign Languages GBA Academy
*Corresponding author: mccai2027@slis.net.cn
Published on 23 October 2025
Journal Cover
TNS Vol.145
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-467-0
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-468-7
Download Cover

Abstract

The Hubble tension—the significant discrepancy between the measured values ​​of the Hubble constant (H₀) in the early and late universes—poses a fundamental challenge to the existing cosmological paradigm. This paper explores the local void hypothesis, which proposes that the Milky Way resides within a massive Kinan-Bage-Cowi (KBC) void, and attempts to explain the Hubble tension. By integrating multi-wavelength galaxy surveys with cosmological simulations, the gravitational effects of the void are systematically analyzed. The study focuses on elucidating how anomalous outward velocities caused by underdense regions distort the redshift-distance relationship, leading to artificially inflated estimates of local H₀. Furthermore, using baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data, this paper conducts a multi-faceted comparative test of predictions from homogeneous universe models and those based on voids. The ultimate goals include rigorously assessing the feasibility of voids in resolving the Hubble tension, thoroughly analyzing their broad implications for large-scale homogeneity hypotheses, and demonstrating the necessity of incorporating local structure into precision cosmological studies.

Keywords:

Keenan-Barger-Cowie Void, Hubble constant, redshift, Cosmic Microwave Background, homogeneity.

View PDF
Cai,M. (2025). Probing the Cosmic Void Hypothesis: Current Evidence and Influence in Shaping the Universe. Theoretical and Natural Science,145,1-7.

References

[1]. Secrest, Nathan J., et al (2022). A Test of the Cosmological Principle with Quasars. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 908(2).

[2]. Jackson, Neal. (2015). The Hubble Constant. Living Reviews in Relativity, 18(1).

[3]. Banik, Indranil, and Vasileios Kalaitzidis (2025). Testing the Local Void Hypothesis Using Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Measurements over the Last 20 Yr” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 540(1).

[4]. Keenan, R. C., et al (2013). EVIDENCE for a ∼300 MEGAPARSEC SCALE UNDER-DENSITY in the LOCAL GALAXY DISTRIBUTION. The Astrophysical Journal, 775(1).

[5]. Shanks, T, et al (2019). Local Hole Revisited: Evidence for Bulk Motions and Self-Consistent Outflow. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 490(4).

[6]. P. Tremblin, and G Chabrier (2024). Re-Evaluating the Cosmological Redshift: Insights into Inhomogeneities and Irreversible Processes. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1.

[7]. Donley, J.L, et al (2005). The HIParkes Zone of Avoidance Survey: The Northern Extension. the Astronomical Journal (New York, N.Y.), 129(1).

[8]. Luković, Vladimir V, et al (2019). Exploring the Evidence for a Large Local Void with Supernovae Ia Data. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

[9]. Robert M. Wald (2010). General Relativity. Google Books.

[10]. L. Staveley‐Smith, et al (2016). THE PARKES H I ZONE of AVOIDANCE SURVEY. The Astronomical Journal, 151(3).

[11]. Jarvis, Matt J., and Steve Rawlings (2004). The Accretion History of the Universe with the SKA. New Astronomy Reviews, 48(11-12).

[12]. Wang, Deng (2024). The Self-Consistency of DESI Analysis and Comment on “Does DESI 2024 Confirm ΛCDM?”. ArXiv.org.

References

[1]. Secrest, Nathan J., et al (2022). A Test of the Cosmological Principle with Quasars. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 908(2).

[2]. Jackson, Neal. (2015). The Hubble Constant. Living Reviews in Relativity, 18(1).

[3]. Banik, Indranil, and Vasileios Kalaitzidis (2025). Testing the Local Void Hypothesis Using Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Measurements over the Last 20 Yr” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 540(1).

[4]. Keenan, R. C., et al (2013). EVIDENCE for a ∼300 MEGAPARSEC SCALE UNDER-DENSITY in the LOCAL GALAXY DISTRIBUTION. The Astrophysical Journal, 775(1).

[5]. Shanks, T, et al (2019). Local Hole Revisited: Evidence for Bulk Motions and Self-Consistent Outflow. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 490(4).

[6]. P. Tremblin, and G Chabrier (2024). Re-Evaluating the Cosmological Redshift: Insights into Inhomogeneities and Irreversible Processes. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1.

[7]. Donley, J.L, et al (2005). The HIParkes Zone of Avoidance Survey: The Northern Extension. the Astronomical Journal (New York, N.Y.), 129(1).

[8]. Luković, Vladimir V, et al (2019). Exploring the Evidence for a Large Local Void with Supernovae Ia Data. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

[9]. Robert M. Wald (2010). General Relativity. Google Books.

[10]. L. Staveley‐Smith, et al (2016). THE PARKES H I ZONE of AVOIDANCE SURVEY. The Astronomical Journal, 151(3).

[11]. Jarvis, Matt J., and Steve Rawlings (2004). The Accretion History of the Universe with the SKA. New Astronomy Reviews, 48(11-12).

[12]. Wang, Deng (2024). The Self-Consistency of DESI Analysis and Comment on “Does DESI 2024 Confirm ΛCDM?”. ArXiv.org.

Cite this article

Cai,M. (2025). Probing the Cosmic Void Hypothesis: Current Evidence and Influence in Shaping the Universe. Theoretical and Natural Science,145,1-7.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of CONF-CIAP 2026 Symposium: International Conference on Atomic Magnetometer and Applications

ISBN: 978-1-80590-467-0(Print) / 978-1-80590-468-7(Online)
Editor: Marwan Omar, Jixi Lu, Mao Ye
Conference website: https://2026.confciap.org/hangzhou.html
Conference date: 30 January 2026
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.145
ISSN: 2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

For authors
For editors
For reviewers

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.