Research on the Value of G3BP1 Protein as a Biomarker in the Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer is one of the major issues for world health. Although patients have a poor five-year survival rate, early detection can significantly improve the prognosis. There are some issues with today’s diagnostic techniques, such as positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). In this work, we investigate the G3BP1 protein as a potential biomarker for the early detection of gastric cancer. We use tumors from MKN1 xenograft mice and adjacent healthy tissues. We predicted that in cancer cells, HSU mRNA levels would decrease and G3BP1 would rise. In the experiments, we used the gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and AGS and the human stomach epithelial cell line GES-1. We created detecting systems like the luciferase and GFP systems. Confocal microscopy, Western blot analysis, cell transfection, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were among the experimental techniques used. There were eight combinations for the outcomes. The theory was completely supported by CR1. It showed how gastric cancer development may be influenced by both the increase in G3BP1 and the decrease in HSU mRNA. However, CR8 was entirely opposed to the notion, whereas CR2–CR7 only partially supported it. These findings indicate that there is a complicated interaction between G3BP1 and HSU mRNA in the gastric cancer development. In order to understand these interactions and clarify biomarkers for early diagnosis, we will adopt gene editing methods and multi-omics analysis in the future.